Etiología y resistencia antimicrobiana en pacientes hospitalizados con infección del tracto urinario complicada. Hospital San Vicente de Paúl 2019

Etiology and antimicrobial resistance in hospitalized patients with urinary tract infection. Hospital San Vicente de Paúl 2019.

Abstract

Complicated urinary tract infection (cUTI) is a common cause of hospitalization globally. There are cUTI management protocols tailored to the specific epidemiology of each hospital setting, as supported by the local focus of this study. Objective: To describe the etiological agents, sensitivity profile and antimicrobial resistance of complicated urinary tract infection in patients admitted to the internal medicine service. Methodology: A cross-sectional, observational and descriptive study was carried out on patients over 18 years of age hospitalized in the Internal Medicine Service, with a total of 138 participants. Pregnant women were excluded and patients with medical histories and records of urine cultures documented at the health institution were included. Results: During the study period, 112 cases of cUTI with positive urine cultures were identified. The most prevalent microorganisms were Escherichia coli (84.8%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (8%), Proteus mirabilis (4.5%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2.7%). These four microorganisms showed high sensitivity to amikacin, meropenem, fosfomycin and nitrofurantoin. However, they exhibited significant resistance to Sulfatrimethoprim (48.4%), Ampicillin (47.4%), and Ciprofloxacin (46.3%). In addition, high resistance will be observed to first and second generation cephalosporins, as well as ampicillin. Conclusions: This study highlights that in patients over 18 years of age hospitalized with cUTI, Escherichia coli is the most commonly isolated microorganism. In addition, a worrying resistance to quinolones is evident. These results underline the importance of an effective cUTI management strategy in hospital settings, taking into account antimicrobial resistance.